The
primary purpose of a flower is reproduction. Since the flowers are the
reproductive organs of plant, they mediate the joining of the sperm,
contained within pollen, to the ovules — contained in the ovary.
Pollination is the movement of pollen from the anthers to the stigma.
The joining of the sperm to the ovules is called fertilization. Normally
pollen is moved from one plant to another, but many plants are able to
self pollinate. The fertilized ovules produce seeds that are the next
generation. Sexual reproduction produces genetically unique offspring,
allowing for adaptation. Flowers have specific designs which encourages
the transfer of pollen from one plant to another of the same species.
Many plants are dependent upon external factors for pollination,
including: wind and animals, and especially insects. Even large animals
such as birds, bats, and pygmy possums can be employed. The period of
time during which this process can take place (the flower is fully
expanded and functional) is called anthesis.
No comments:
Post a Comment